{"id":625,"date":"2020-11-03T16:20:47","date_gmt":"2020-11-03T15:20:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/shabazz.fr\/?page_id=625"},"modified":"2020-11-03T16:20:47","modified_gmt":"2020-11-03T15:20:47","slug":"cossacks-strelets","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/shabazz.fr\/?page_id=625","title":{"rendered":"Cossacks &#8211; Strelets"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p> Les r\u00e9giments de strelets constituaient la base de l&#8217;arm\u00e9e russe avant  la r\u00e9forme du tzar Pierre Ier. On pourrait m\u00eame dire qu&#8217;il s&#8217;agit de la premi\u00e8re vraie arm\u00e9e russe. Le service  \u00e9tait h\u00e9r\u00e9ditaire et les strelets \u00e9taient exempt\u00e9s d&#8217;imp\u00f4ts, percevaient  un salaire et pouvaient avoir un domicile personnel et poursuivre des carri\u00e8res  d&#8217;artisan. Leur histoire commence en 1550, quand des tireurs arm\u00e9s de  pischals (mousquet \u00e0 amorce russe) furent organis\u00e9s en 6 states (appel\u00e9s  ensuite r\u00e9giments) de 500 soldats. Ils \u00e9taient bas\u00e9s \u00e0 Moscou, dans le  sloboga (quartier) de Vorobyov. Les officiers comprenaient un colonel, un  major, des soltniks (lieutenants) et des uryadniks (sergents). Leur  effectif \u00e9tait de 7 000 hommes sous le r\u00e8gne de Ivan le Terrible, pour atteindre 20 000  soldats \u00e0 la date du couronnement de F\u00e9dor Ier (fils d&#8217;Ivan). Ces  soldats \u00e9taient arm\u00e9s de                  lourds mousquets, des samopals (mousquet \u00e0 silex russe),  de sabres, et d&#8217;armes d&#8217;hast dont ils se servaient souvent comme appui.  Les officiers \u00e9taient arm\u00e9s d&#8217;un sabre et d&#8217;une lance. Les strelets portaient  quelquefois des cottes de mailles mais \u00e9taient le plus souvent \u00e9quip\u00e9s  de toques de fourrure, d&#8217;un long caftan, d&#8217;un zipun (camisole \u00e9paisse), de  porty (pantalons larges) et de gants. Le caftan de couleur vive \u00e9tait  serr\u00e9 \u00e0 la ceinture par une \u00e9charpe. Les strelets furent abolis \u00e0 Moscou en 1711 et  en 1716 dans le reste du pays. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"530\" height=\"347\" src=\"http:\/\/shabazz.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/image-87.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-626\" srcset=\"http:\/\/shabazz.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/image-87.png 530w, http:\/\/shabazz.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/image-87-300x196.png 300w, http:\/\/shabazz.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/image-87-229x150.png 229w, http:\/\/shabazz.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/image-87-150x98.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 530px) 100vw, 530px\" \/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les r\u00e9giments de strelets constituaient la base de l&#8217;arm\u00e9e russe avant la r\u00e9forme du tzar Pierre Ier. On pourrait m\u00eame dire qu&#8217;il s&#8217;agit de la premi\u00e8re vraie arm\u00e9e russe. Le service \u00e9tait h\u00e9r\u00e9ditaire et les strelets \u00e9taient exempt\u00e9s d&#8217;imp\u00f4ts, percevaient un salaire et pouvaient avoir un domicile personnel et poursuivre \u2026 <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"http:\/\/shabazz.fr\/?page_id=625\"> Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr; <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":528,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-625","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/shabazz.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/625","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/shabazz.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/shabazz.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/shabazz.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/shabazz.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=625"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/shabazz.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/625\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":627,"href":"http:\/\/shabazz.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/625\/revisions\/627"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/shabazz.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/528"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/shabazz.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=625"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}